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<channel><title><![CDATA[Peter Forbes - Blog]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/blog.html]]></link><description><![CDATA[Blog]]></description><pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 09:06:02 -0800</pubDate><generator>Weebly</generator><item><title><![CDATA[May 18th, 2012]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/may-18th-2012.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/may-18th-2012.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 01:01:57 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/may-18th-2012.html</guid><description><![CDATA[It's Not Technology, Stupid    &ldquo;Facebook ready for biggest ever technology float&rdquo;, the  [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2 style='text-align:left;'>It's Not Technology, Stupid<br /></h2>  <div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  &ldquo;Facebook ready for biggest ever technology float&rdquo;, the <em style="" "mso-bidi-font-style:="">Guardian</em> tells me this morning. But Facebook is not a technology: it is a social medium. If people get together in a social grouping, say, a book club or the freemasons or a political party, you wouldn&rsquo;t call that a technology. Sure, cars and phones and roads and houses are necessary for people to get together but you don&rsquo;t call these social groupings or the enabling of them technology or infrastructure. <br /><br />    I once thought that everyone understood the division in computing between hardware and software. The whole point of the computer is that it is a universal machine: it can be programmed to do things the hardware designer never thought of. Facebook is a software phenomenon, not a piece of technology. In the early days of the Syrian uprising a British/Syrian activist told <em style="">Newsnight</em> that the police rounding up demonstrators were asking: &ldquo;where's your Facebook machine&rdquo;, thinking it was a device.<br /><br />    Treating Facebook shares as a technology stock is only the latest and most prominent example of this confusion. For decades people who don't like using computers have been calling themselves &ldquo;technologically challenged&rdquo;. But negotiating a computer isn&rsquo;t getting dirty under a car: it means following logical operations. You wouldn&rsquo;t call looking up items in a book index &ldquo;technology&rdquo;, neither is poking someone on Facebook. <br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Mathomimicry]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mathomimicry.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mathomimicry.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 04:58:09 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mathomimicry.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  The Fibonacci series is an intriguing piece of mathematics with deep roots in the natural world. The series runs:    0 1&nbsp; 2&nbsp; 3&nbsp; 5&nbsp; 8&nbsp; 13&nbsp; 21&nbsp; 34&nbsp; 55&nbsp; 89 etc    Each term is derived by adding the previous two (except for the beginning which is slightly irregular). The series has long had a quasi mystical status because the pattern appears in many natural phenomena, especially flo [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  The Fibonacci series is an intriguing piece of mathematics with deep roots in the natural world. The series runs:<br /><br />    0 1&nbsp; 2&nbsp; 3&nbsp; 5&nbsp; 8&nbsp; 13&nbsp; 21&nbsp; 34&nbsp; 55&nbsp; 89 etc<br /><br />    Each term is derived by adding the previous two (except for the beginning which is slightly irregular). The series has long had a quasi mystical status because the pattern appears in many natural phenomena, especially flowers and seeds such as sunflower seedhead spirals and pine cones. Recent experiments have shown what balance of chemical repulsions in the growing tip produces this pattern.<br /><br />    The series has been used in architecture but the most intriguing example I&rsquo;ve seen is the Lily Impeller, described by the Australian inventor Jay Harman. This looks like a nautilus shell, that many-chambered wonder of the sea, and that's because the nautilus too uses the Fibonacci series. The Lily Impeller is more energy efficient than standard screw action mixers. It has been claimed as an example of bioinspiration which it is but surely the maths came first? The Fibonacci series would exist in maths even if no plant had ever exploited it. In this case, nature is a mathomimic. Since maths seems to lie behind all of the patterns of nature you could say that mathomicry is the organizing principle of nature and the mother of biomimicry. <br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Milk Trail]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/the-milk-trail.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/the-milk-trail.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Fri, 11 May 2012 11:12:47 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/the-milk-trail.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  I did some literature research a couple of years ago on the spread of milk tolerance in human populations. A single mutation decides whether or not human beings can digest animals&rsquo; milk and this mutation spread very fast through human populations in the last 10,000 years. Obviously this correlates with the practice of dairying: it is thought to be an example of co-evolution between genes and a cultural practice. The geographical spread of t [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  I did some literature research a couple of years ago on the spread of milk tolerance in human populations. A single mutation decides whether or not human beings can digest animals&rsquo; milk and this mutation spread very fast through human populations in the last 10,000 years. Obviously this correlates with the practice of dairying: it is thought to be an example of co-evolution between genes and a cultural practice. The geographical spread of this mutation is extremely interesting and has been linked to one of the world&rsquo;s great unsolved puzzled: the Indo-European language question. The Indo-European language family is one of the largest and links all of Europe to the Near East and India. The question is where did this language originate?<br /><br />    Key to the Indo-European language question is India. Indian cattle were domesticated from a different wild species to the European cattle but there are cultural similarities in ancient Hindu writing that suggest that pastoralists spread both east and west taking the milk mutation with them.<br /><br />    Or did they? African pastoralists have lactose tolerance but their mutation is slightly different, so this is a case of convergent evolution. But now in a major genetic study, Professor Mark Thomas and his team have shown that the genetic background of Indians with the lactose tolerance mutation is identical to that of Europeans. This is an enormous boost to the idea that pastoralism and the Indo-European language originated in Turkey or somewhere north of the Black Sea and then spread both East and West.<br /><br />    There has been much argument over whether farming spread by means of cultural transmission or whether it was taken by physical migration of peoples. The Indian study is powerful evidence and it is further backed up by a paper by another team involving Thomas showing that within Europe it was southern populations that took farming to the north rather than merely showing the northerners how to do it. It does rather look as if that single base pair mutation shaped the destiny of about half the human race. <br /><br />    Romero et al, &lsquo;Herders of Indian and European Cattle Share Their Predominant Allelle for Lactase Persistence&rsquo;, <em style="">Mol. Biol. Evol</em>. 2012, 29 (1), pp. 249-260.<br /><br />    Skoglund et al, &lsquo;Origins and Genetic Legacy of Neolithic Farmers and Hunter-Gatherers in Europe&rsquo;, <em style="">Science</em>, 2012, 336 (No 6080), pp. 466-9.<br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Grinning Gills]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/grinning-gills.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/grinning-gills.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Fri, 11 May 2012 10:32:24 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/grinning-gills.html</guid><description><![CDATA[         Biomimetic architecture has been making waves for some time. The latest stunning addition to the ranks is the One Ocean Pavili [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><div class="wsite-image wsite-image-border-thin " style="padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;text-align:center"> <a> <img src="http://www.pforbes.org/uploads/1/6/1/6/1616112/8455175_orig.jpg" alt="Picture" style="width:100%;max-width:818px" /> </a> <div style="display:block;font-size:90%"></div> </div></div>  <div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  Biomimetic architecture has been making waves for some time. The latest stunning addition to the ranks is the One Ocean Pavilion at EXPO 2012 in Yeosu,  South Korea, designed by the Austrian architects Soma. The pavilion is a homage to the ocean and marine life and its most dramatic feature is the gill-like array along the facade. These are flexible elements that buckle under compression to create the gill-effect. They are not merely decorative: they open or close to regulate both ventilation and light. The buckling mechanism is a classic out of the D&rsquo;Arcy Thompson bioinspirational handbook. Forms created under such physical forces take up beautiful &ldquo;graded forms&rdquo; as D&rsquo;Arcy Thompson called them. As the degree of flexure varies along the facade a pleasing serried cascade effect is achieved. I guess the facade could do a Mexican wave if you so programmed it. The pavilion opens today if you&rsquo;re in striking distance of it. <br /><br />    </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Giants of the Infinitesimal]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/giants-of-the-infinitesimal.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/giants-of-the-infinitesimal.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Thu, 03 May 2012 00:13:42 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/giants-of-the-infinitesimal.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  Giants of the Infinitesimal, a new exhibition at Magna Science Centre, Rotherham, does what it says on the tin: artists Tom Grimsey and Theo Kaccoufa have taken the idea of magnifying the nanoworld literally. They have created kinetic sculptures on a large scale, abundantly visible to the eye, that mimic some of the astonishing things that happen in the nanoworld. Although a key thing to grasp a [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  Giants of the Infinitesimal, a new exhibition at Magna Science Centre, Rotherham, does what it says on the tin: artists <strong style="">Tom Grimsey</strong> and <strong style="">Theo Kaccoufa</strong> have taken the idea of magnifying the nanoworld literally. They have created kinetic sculptures on a large scale, abundantly visible to the eye, that mimic some of the astonishing things that happen in the nanoworld. Although a key thing to grasp about the nanoworld is that they do things differently down there (gravity for instance which weighs so heavily on us, has no bearing, whereas viscosity, the drag of fluids, and the incessant restless motion of atoms, are all important), in fact much of the restless energy and creativity of that world can be recreated on a large scale. Much of the fascination of the project stems from wrestling with magnets, electric currents and turbulent water to create a balance of forces similar to that in the nanoworld and hence to make visible the astonishing creativity of matter that can self-assemble under its own tug of attractions and repulsions.<br /><br />    Giants of the Infinitesimal start at <a title="" target="_blank" href="http://www.visitmagna.co.uk/content/289/giants-of-the-infinitesimal">Magna Science</a> on Saturday, May 5. You can read about it in my article in the <em style="">Times Eureka </em>section, Thursday, May 3. <br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Mistitled]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mistitled.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mistitled.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Tue, 01 May 2012 09:04:08 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/05/mistitled.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  I&rsquo;ve noticed an increasing tendency for book titles to be at odds with their contents. The reason is obvious &ndash; these are marketing titles. The most egregious example is that otherwise brilliant book Turing&rsquo;s Cathedral by George Dyson. The book hardly mentions Turing and is almost entirely about people who could be regarded as Turing&rsquo;s rivals: the mathematicians of the Princeton Inst [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  I&rsquo;ve noticed an increasing tendency for book titles to be at odds with their contents. The reason is obvious &ndash; these are marketing titles. The most egregious example is that otherwise brilliant book <span style="font-style: italic;">Turing&rsquo;s Cathedral</span> by George Dyson. The book hardly mentions Turing and is almost entirely about people who could be regarded as Turing&rsquo;s rivals: the mathematicians of the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study. It&rsquo;s a bit like calling a book about the Reformation: <span style="font-style: italic;">The Pope&rsquo;s Churches</span>. Well, I exaggerate but you get the idea.<br><br>    At the moment I&rsquo;m reviewing Philip Ball&rsquo;s <span style="font-style: italic;">Curiosity</span>. Another fine book by my favourite science writer. But for a while I was puzzled because although curiosity is an organizing concept behind the book, it is really <span style="font-style: italic;">A History of Science in the 17th Century</span>. Now that would not be a selling title, whereas &ldquo;Curiosity&rdquo; &ndash; we&rsquo;ve all go that haven't we?<br><br>  A few lesser examples come to mind. Bill Bryson&rsquo;s <span style="font-style: italic;">At Home</span> purported to be a look at life, the universe and everything seen though the lens of the rooms in his house. A good idea &ndash; each familiar object linked to its history in the universe. But it isn&rsquo;t that: &nbsp;actually its a ragbag of random observations. Nicholas Rankin's <span style="font-style: italic;">Churchill's Wizards </span>is about camouflage and deception in WWI and 2. The title strictly refers only to WW2. Jerry Fodor and Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini&rsquo;s <span style="font-style: italic;">What Darwin Got Wrong</span> is really an attack on the Modern Synthesis promulgated almost a century after Darwin's time. And so on . . .  It says much about our culture that we cannot declare accurately what our books are about. Marketing departments insist on a selling title at all costs. For the moment, you can&rsquo;t judge a book by its title. <br><br>      </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Falkirk Wheel]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/the-falkirk-wheel.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/the-falkirk-wheel.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Tue, 17 Apr 2012 05:43:16 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/the-falkirk-wheel.html</guid><description><![CDATA[         Yesterday to the V&amp;A for British Design 1948-2012. A terrific show that highlights British creativity. Good to see the Min [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><div class="wsite-image wsite-image-border-thin " style="padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;text-align:center"> <a> <img src="http://www.pforbes.org/uploads/1/6/1/6/1616112/5146072_orig.jpg" alt="Picture" style="width:100%;max-width:800px" /> </a> <div style="display:block;font-size:90%"></div> </div></div>  <div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  Yesterday to the V&amp;A for British Design 1948-2012. A terrific show that highlights British creativity. Good to see the Mini, Concorde, the HST and all the expected treats but it&rsquo;s the finds that make these exhibitions. Mine was the Falkirk Wheel, a wondrous piece of engineering that connects two canals, one 24 metres above the other. Yes, I should have known about it before because it&rsquo;s been open for 10 years but we all have our blind spots. The Wheel is one of those inspired engineering solutions, beautiful, playful and practical.<br /><span></span><br />    But there is a twist. I was thrilled to see that the builders were the Butterley Company of Derbyshire. Butterley build the great roof at St Pancras station, recently restored to great acclaim. It was heartening to see that a company founded in 1790 and so much a part of our industrial heritage was still delivering state-of-the art engineering in the 21 century. <br /><br />    Then I discovered that Butterley went bankrupt in 2009, a victim of the bankers&rsquo; folly. This is a cause for despair. Could not an important company like this have been nursed through the recession? Once gone, this sort of expertise will never return. Judging by our high streets, the nation&rsquo;s response to tragedies like this seems to be: &ldquo;Let them open nail parlours&rdquo;. <br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Artists and the Brain]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/artists-and-the-brain.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/artists-and-the-brain.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Tue, 17 Apr 2012 05:20:43 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/artists-and-the-brain.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  I&rsquo;ll be taking part in an art-science debate on the new brain science at 5.30-7pm, Thursday, April 26 at the King&rsquo;s Cultural Institute, Somerset House, London. with artists Susan Aldworth, Andrew Carnie and Karen Ingham,&nbsp; chaired by curator and writer Gareth Evans. This is part of the Between [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  I&rsquo;ll be taking part in an art-science debate on the new brain science at 5.30-7pm, Thursday, April 26 at the King&rsquo;s Cultural Institute, Somerset House, London. with artists Susan Aldworth, Andrew Carnie and Karen Ingham,&nbsp; chaired by curator and writer Gareth Evans. This is part of the <a title="" target="_blank" href="http://lahf.org.uk/between-king%E2%80%99s-cultural-institute-%E2%80%93-19-april-30-june"><strong style="">Between </strong></a>exhibition, running from 19 April to 30 June.<br /><br />  Are scans, x-rays and&nbsp;computer models&nbsp;now more powerful visualisations of ourselves than anything made by art? How&nbsp;should contemporary artists and curators respond to&nbsp;these images? And what is the cultural impact of these technologies on identity?<br /><br />  Exhibition in the Inigo Rooms, King&rsquo;s Cultural Institute at King&rsquo;s College London<br /> Somerset House East Wing, open Mon-Sat, 1.00pm &ndash; 7.00pm<br /><br />    The event is free but booking necessary RSVP:&nbsp;<a title="" style="" href="mailto:inigo@kcl.ac.uk">inigo@kcl.ac.uk</a><br /><br />  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Afro Blue]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/afro-blue.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/afro-blue.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2012 10:09:24 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/afro-blue.html</guid><description><![CDATA[  As a one-man band, I got the idea of using vibes and guitar a while back. Like piano, bass and drums, computer synthesized vibes aren&rsquo;t bad so it&rsquo;s a good format for the one-man band. Then I discovered Gary Burton, the greatest living vibes player, and he always uses guitar. I saw the band at Ronnie Scott&rsquo;s last year and they were inspirational.    The result is a few  [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style='text-align:left;'>  As a one-man band, I got the idea of using vibes and guitar a while back. Like piano, bass and drums, computer synthesized vibes aren&rsquo;t bad so it&rsquo;s a good format for the one-man band. Then I discovered Gary Burton, the greatest living vibes player, and he always uses guitar. I saw the band at Ronnie Scott&rsquo;s last year and they were inspirational.<br><br>    The result is a few <a target="_blank" href="http://www.myspace.com/zappamundi">tracks</a> I&rsquo;ve posted on MySpace:  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br><br>  Afro Blue. Afro-Cuban jazz standard by Mongo Santamaria. Recorded by many, including John Coltrane. This is based on the Gary Burton version.<br><br>    Besame Mucho. Latin standard by Mexican songwriter Consuelo Velasquez. Played by everybody, including the Beatles (and the Bettertones).<br><br>    Silkskein. Own composition<br><br>    First Impression. Julian Lage, Gary Burton&rsquo;s guitarist.<br><br>    La Zancada. Own composition<br><br>    Nature Boy. Jazz standard made famous by Nat King Cole and played by everybody, including Miles Davis<br><br>  </div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fire Maketh the Man]]></title><link><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/fire-maketh-the-man.html]]></link><comments><![CDATA[http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/fire-maketh-the-man.html#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Tue, 03 Apr 2012 00:25:05 -0800</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.pforbes.org/1/post/2012/04/fire-maketh-the-man.html</guid><description><![CDATA[The Guardian today has a piece on the discovery of an ancient fire in South Africa around 1 m years ago. Interesting, but a big change occurred in human evolution around 2 million year ago, leading to genetic changes in digestion and brain size. Richard Wrangham h [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div  class="paragraph editable-text" style=" text-align: left; ">The <span style="font-style: italic;">Guardian </span>today has a <a target="_blank" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/apr/02/scientists-clue-human-evolution-question?INTCMP=SRCH">piece</a> on the discovery of an ancient fire in South Africa around 1 m years ago. Interesting, but a big change occurred in human evolution around 2 million year ago, leading to genetic changes in digestion and brain size. Richard Wrangham has a plausible theory on this: cooked food allowed these changes by dramatically shortening the time needed for eat and acquire high energy nutrition. So Wrangham's hypothesis requires that our ancestors were eating cooked food twice as long ago as this find. The jury is still out. <br></div>  ]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>

